1 Corinthians - Chapter 2 - Christ and Him Crucified

Kenneth Sublett, Piney.com, Hohenwald, Tennessee
Jesus and Him Crucified? I have chosen to use Jamieson, Fausset, Brown as the platform upon which to build our comments. Chapter two is also the place where Paul explains that the Holy Spirit is the Mind of Christ. Most scholars grasp that Paul sees an identity between God and His Spirit and the Mind of Christ.

Click to see that the SPIRIT of God is the MIND of Christ which, to us, is the WORD of Christ.

And the Mind - Spirit - Word connection in Romans

False teachers have "pared" everything God has to say down to the "core gospel" but that is an insult to their audiences and God's judgment upon their failure. Paul restricted his teaching to the idea that Christianity is not a respectable, popular "venue" to which people can come and promote their civic status or to "rock and rap and CCM."

Rather, Christ Crucified means that you are joining a rebel band arrayed in battle armor against Satan and all of his host which are the "princes" or chief people of the earth.

Until you have decided to "leave father and mother" to join a "sect" hated and despised by the overwhelming majority of the purely-carnal or just-animal people there is no point in teaching the deep mysteries which are available only to those who have been given co-perception.

The sure sign of Christ's enemies are those who use worldly means or weapons such as human psychology, "chicken soup" stories which are almost always lies or joking in the presence of a Holy God. Paul defines God pouring out His wrath as men who are "buffoons" in Ephesians 4 and 5.

CHAPTER 2
1 Corinthians 2:1-16. PAUL'S SUBJECT OF PREACHING, CHRIST CRUCIFIED, NOT IN WORLDLY, BUT IN HEAVENLY, WISDOM AMONG THE PERFECT.

The very first verse is an example of Christ and Him Crucified. "Dominant pastors" cannot model Christ Crucified. Therefore, they need to strip off all of Christ's teachings through the Words of Spirit.

1 Cor 2:1 AND I, brethren, when I came to you, came not with excellency of speech or of wisdom, declaring unto you the testimony of God.
And I fell at his feet to worship him. And he said unto me, See thou do it not: I am thy fellowservant, and of thy brethren that have the testimony of Jesus: worship God: for the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy. Rev 19:10

JFB:

And I--"So I" [CONYBEARE] as one of the "foolish, weak, and despised"
........... instruments employed by God (1 Corinthians 1:27,28); "glorying in the Lord,"
........... not in man's wisdom (1 Corinthians 1:31). Compare 1 Corinthians 1:23, "We."

when I came--(Acts 18:1, &c.;). Paul might, had he pleased, have used an ornate style, having studied secular learning at Tarsus of Cilicia,

which STRABO preferred as a school of learning to Athens or Alexandria; here, doubtless, he read the Cilician Aratus' poems (which he quotes, Acts 17:28), and Epimenides (Titus 1:12), and MENANDER (1 Corinthians 15:33).

Grecian intellectual development was an important element in preparing the way for the Gospel,
........... but it failed to regenerate the world, showing that for this a superhuman power is needed.

Hellenistic (Grecizing) Judaism at Tarsus and Alexandria was the connecting link between the schools of Athens and those of the Rabbis.

No more fitting birthplace could there have been for the apostle of the Gentiles than Tarsus, free as it was from the warping influences of Rome, Alexandria, and Athens.

He had at the same time Roman citizenship, which protected him from sudden violence.
Again, he was reared in the
Hebrew divine law at Jerusalem. Thus, as the three elements, Greek cultivation, Roman polity (Luke 2:1), and the divine law given to the Jews, combined just at Christ's time, to prepare the world for the Gospel, so the same three, by God's marvellous providence, met together in the apostle to the Gentiles [CONYBEARE and HOWSON].

testimony of God--"the testimony of Christ" (1 Corinthians 1:6); therefore Christ is God.

1 Cor 2:2 For I determined not to know any thing among you, save Jesus Christ, and him crucified.
In the modern sense to "know Jesus Christ and Him crucified" is restricted to seven facts about Jesus Christ. Click for a modern pattern.
In another sermon Dr. Rubel Shelly stated:

Here is what God wants churches passionate about:

(1) "For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, (2) that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life" (John 3:16).

(3) "Therefore let all Israel be assured of this: God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Christ" (Acts 2:36).

(4) "But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: (5) While we were still sinners, Christ died for us. (6) Since we have now been justified by his blood, (7) how much more shall we be saved from God's wrath through him!" (Rom. 5:8-9).

These are the essentials of Christian faith. It is this core message about Jesus that we share in common with other

Bible-believing, cross-proclaiming, resurrection-confessing, born-again persons that constitutes us a church.

Outside the essence of the gospel,

there are other features that reflect our history and consensus interpretations of the larger biblical message.


Rubel Shelly: They had to strain the story of Jesus through philosophical sieves. They had to create and clarify special terms. They made entrance into their circles a matter of "enlightenment" as reflected in peculiar vocabulary and interpretations.

In the meanwhile, the core gospel has survived two millennia now in its narrative form of telling the big story through collections of little ones about Jesus.

Dr. Shelly defines the narrative form as writers taking the literature and constructing a narrative for their own time, place, theological agenda and by sifting in Greek philosophy.


This is the old Leroy Garret teaching as it is enhanced by the Vineyard:

Leroy Garrett stated an earlier pattern:

"This is to say that the gospel is not the whole of the New Testament scriptures,

for the gospel was a reality long before the scriptures were written.

Strictly speaking,

the teachings of the apostles are not facts, as the gospel is,

but interpretations, implications, and edification based on the gospel.

In this area, that of the didache (teaching) even the apostles differed in their ideas and emphases.

The churches for whom these documents were written were likewise different from each other.

Garrett goes on to define the "gospel" as something revealed but not subject to debate but:

The doctrine allows for debate and dialogue, for intellectual stimulation and the stretching of the mind. It nurtures us in Christ,

but in such a way that each man develops according to his own uniqueness. The pragmatic mind as well as the speculative mind finds food for thought. Its design is (not) to make us all alike in our thinking, but to make us mature in Christ.

So, we have the "oral gospel" which was in effect before the "graphe," and the seven ones defined above are the only things which we can use to accept or reject fellowship.

All of the rest of the Bible is just pre-post-modern understandings of the apostle-prophets opinions or interpretations. That means "uninspired" to this writer.


by Dennis Downing

"For I decided to know nothing among you except Jesus Christ and him crucified." (1 Corinthians 2:2 RSV)

In the world in which we live, a lot of people are interested in what feels relevant, seems "politically correct" or has a valid ring to it. Few are interested in the truth. But a lot of those same people are desperately seeking truth in a relationship. They want someone, at least one person to whom they can turn who will not turn away.

That is why the Gospel points not to an idea but to a person, not to a truth but to The Truth. Jesus proved he was true to me when he died in my place.

Jesus proved he was the true way when he came back from the dead.

When you really come to know Jesus and him crucified --you know all you need to know.

You have come to know the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but that truth will satisfy.

Key Quote: "Paul was not given a message or a doctrine to proclaim, he was brought into a vivid, personal, overmastering relationship to Jesus Christ. Verse 16 [Acts 26:16] is immensely commanding--"o make thee a minister and a witness."

But: Till I come, give attendance to (public) reading, to exhortation, to doctrine. 1 Tim 4:13

Of course, we miss the point that Paul stopped there because the Corinthians were still carnal confirmed by their composing their own songs and speeches.

In Narrative Theology, John York and Rubel Shelly would take the musical idolatry at Mount Sinai which lost Israel God's Covenant of Grace and had Him turn them over to worship the starry host (Acts 7), have its second incarnation as a pattern for Christian worship and community.

With that, men stop proclaiming Christ and begin to use the Biblical text and human wisdom believing that they are able, through external means, to manipulate people into better behavior, better attendance or more giving.

But the point has been missed and time has marched on.

The Greek implies, "The only definite thing that I made it my business to know among you, was to know Jesus Christ (His person) and Him crucified (His office)" [ALFORD],
........... not exalted on the earthly throne of David,
........... but executed as the vilest malefactor.

The historical fact of Christ's crucifixion had probably been put less prominently forward by the seekers after human wisdom in the Corinthian church,

to avoid offending learned heathens and Jews. Christ's person and Christ's office constitute the sum of the Gospel.

Because Christ was crucified the Corinthians should not honor the self-exhalted but look to the suffering servants for their example. Paul is maligned by the "trained speakers" in Corinth whom he calls huper or super-apostles who used their exhalted skills to demand a salary. However, as an apostle of a vile, crucified malefactor Paul was uniquely qualified to be their teacher. Nothing in his person, his manners, secular knowledge or speaking skills could stand between Christ and the student.

1 Cor 2:3 And I was with you in weakness, and in fear, and in much trembling.
I--the preacher: as 1 Corinthians 2:2 describes the subject, "Christ crucified," and 1 Corinthians 2:4 the mode of preaching: "my speech . . .
........... not with enticing words,"
........... "but in demonstration of the Spirit."

The idea of "enticing words" is in contrast to "spirit." The contrast is not between the "letter" and some supernatural experience.

weakness--personal and bodily (2 Corinthians 10:10, 12:7,9, Galatians 4:13).

For his letters, say they, are weighty and powerful; but his bodily presence is weak, and his speech contemptible. 2 Cor 10:10
Ye know how through infirmity of the flesh I preached the gospel unto you at the first. Gal 4:13

trembling--(compare Philippians 2:12). Not personal fear, but a trembling anxiety to perform a duty; anxious conscientiousness, as proved by the contrast to "eye service" (Ephesians 6:5) [CONYBEARE and HOWSON].

Wherefore, my beloved, as ye have always obeyed, not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling. Phil 2:12

Next, Paul has moved beyond "Christ and Him Crucified" for the "Perfected."
1 Cor 2:4 And my speech and my preaching was not with enticing words of mans wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power:
my speech--in private.

preaching--in public [BENGEL]. ALFORD explains it,
........... My discourse on doctrines,
........... and my preaching or announcement of facts.
enticing--rather, "persuasive."
man's wisdom--man's is omitted in the oldest authorities. Still "wisdom" does refer to "man's" wisdom.
in demonstration of . . . Spirit, &c.--;Persuasion is man's means of moving his fellow man.

Then: God's means is demonstration, leaving no doubt, and inspiring implicit faith, by the powerful working of the Spirit (then exhibited both outwardly by miracles, and inwardly by working on the heart, now in the latter and the more important way only, Matthew 7:29, Acts 6:10, Hebrews 4:12; compare also Romans 15:19).

Now:
........... The same simple power accompanies divine truth now,
........... producing certain persuasion and conversion, when the Spirit demonstrates by it.

1 Cor 2:5 That your faith should not stand in the wisdom of men, but in the power of God.
stand in . . . wisdom of men--rest on it, owe its origin and continuance to it.

If God had sent the most exhalted and loved public performer of the day people would have flocked to the "big meetings" based on the celebrity factor. Public speakers were the highest paid professionals of the ancient Roman world. However, Bby preaching like one down and out rather than self-exhalted (super apostles) God could guarantee that a "Christ-Crucified" Christian System would develop.

This is why later in this chapter, preaching sermons trying to explain spiritual or scriptural concepts with "chicken soup" illustrations or first-person experiences or silly jokes was God's way of hiding spiritual things from swine who couldn't appreciate pearls of great price.

"You might hear many poor wretches of sophists, shouting and abusing each other, and their disciples, as they call them, squabbling; and many writers of books reading their stupid compositions, and many poets singing their poems, and many jugglers (buffons) exhibiting their marvels, and many soothsayers giving the meaning of prodigies, and then a thousand rhetoricians twisting lawsuits, and no small number of traders driving their several trades.

"The Greeks were intoxicated with fine words; and to them the Christian preacher with his blunt message seemed a crude and uncultured figure, to be laughed at and ridiculed rather than to be listened to and respected. (Barclay, William, First Corinthians, p. 19-20)

Neither filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor jesting, which are not convenient: but rather giving of thanks. Ephesians 5:4

Morologia (g3473) mo-rol-og-ee'-ah; from a comp. of 3474 and 3004; silly talk, i.e. buffoonery: - foolish talking.

Moros (g3474) mo-ros'; prob. from the base of 3466; dull or stupid (as if shut up), i.e. heedless, (mor.) blockhead, (appar.) absurd: - fool (-ish, * -ishness).

3004 is the Logos or preaching.

For this ye know, that no whoremonger, nor unclean person, nor covetous man, who is an idolater, hath any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and of God. Ephesians 5:5

Let no man deceive you with vain words: for because of these things cometh the wrath of God upon the children of disobedience. Ephesians 5:6

Orge (g3709) or-gay'; from 3713; prop. desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind), i.e. (by anal) violent passion (ire, or [justifiable] abhorence); by impl. punishment: - anger, indignation, vengeance, wrath.

1 Cor 2:6 Howbeit we speak wisdom among them that are perfect: yet not the wisdom of this world, nor of the princes of this world, that come to nought:
Yet the Gospel preaching, so far from being at variance with true "wisdom," is a wisdom infinitely higher than that of the wise of the world

The perfected

Teleios (g5046) tel'-i-os; from 5056; complete (in various applications of labor, growth, mental and moral character, etc.); neut. (as noun, with 3588) completeness: - of full age, man, perfect.

Not This if it is human wisdom "sophistry":

Sophia (g4678) sof-ee'-ah; from 4680; wisdom (higher or lower, worldly or spiritual): - wisdom.

When the super-apostles spoke human wisdom they were very popular and could easily discredit Paul and move into a position in the new churches. However, they might well build a large audience but they could not assist people in becoming spiritual. Simply by mixing the wisdom of the world's phylosophers the mystery of the gospel was made ineffective.

we speak--resuming "we" (preachers, I, Apollos, &c.;). from "we preach" (1 Corinthians 1:28), only that here, "we speak" refers to something less public (compare 1 Corinthians 2:7,13, "mystery . . . hidden") than "we preach," which is public.
........... For "wisdom" here denotes not the whole of Christian doctrine,
........... but its sublimer and deeper principles.

perfect--Those matured in Christian experience and knowledge alone can understand the true superiority of the Christian wisdom which Paul preached.
........... Distinguished not only from worldly and natural men,
........... but also from babes, who though "in Christ" retain much that is "carnal" (1 Corinthians 3:1,2),
........... ........... and cannot therefore understand the deeper truths of Christianity
........... ........... (1 Corinthians 14:20, Philippians 3:15, Hebrews 5:14).

1 Cor 2:7 But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, even the hidden wisdom, which God ordained before the world unto our glory:
Paul does not mean by the "mystery" or "hidden wisdom" (1 Corinthians 2:7) some hidden tradition distinct from the Gospel (like the Church of Rome's disciplina arcani and doctrine of reserve), but the unfolding of the treasures of knowledge,
........... once hidden in God's counsels,
........... but now announced to all,

which would be intelligently comprehended in proportion as the hearer's inner life became perfectly transformed into the image of Christ.
........... Compare instances of such "mysteries," that is, deeper Christian truths,

> Not at first preached: at first in Corinth, he confined himself to the fundamental elements (1 Corinthians 2:2),

For I determined not to know any thing among you, save Jesus Christ, and him crucified. 1 Cor 2:2
........... It is important to first teach the elementary principles of the gospel
........... because un-converted people are not capable of understanding the deeper truth.
........... ........... Those who confine themselves to the "core gospel" deliberately starve the disciples to death.

> But now spoken to the few: to the "perfect" (1 Corinthians 15:51, Romans 11:25, Ephesians 3:5,6).

"Perfect" is used not of absolute perfection, but relatively to "babes," or those less ripe in Christian growth (compare Philippians 3:12,15, with 1 John 2:12-14).

"God" (1 Corinthians 2:7) is opposed to the world,

the apostles to "the princes [great and learned men] of this world" (1 Corinthians 2:8; compare 1 Corinthians 1:20) [BENGEL].

come to naught--nothingness (1 Corinthians 1:28). They are transient, not immortal. Therefore, their wisdom is not real [BENGEL]. Rather, translate with ALFORD,

"Which are being brought to naught," namely,
by God's choosing the "things which
are not (the weak and despised things of the Gospel),

to bring to naught (the same verb as here)
things that are" (1 Corinthians 1:28).

This is why it is deadly fatal to use the "chicken soup" or wisdom of the world to try to explain the Word of God. One ancient writer showed that there is the "water of the Word" and the world is filled with "restrainers"of the Water:

Ode of Solomon 6:

1 As the hand moves over the harp, and the strings speak,
2
So speaks in my members the Spirit of the Lord, and I speak by His love.
3 For it
destroys what is foreign and everything that is bitter:
4 For thus it was from the beginning and will be to the end,
........... that nothing should be His adversary, and nothing should stand up against Him.
5 The Lord has
multiplied the knowledge of Himself, and is zealous that these things should be known, which by His grace have been given to us.
6 And the praise of His name He gave us:
our spirits praise His holy Spirit
7 For there went forth a stream and became a river great and broad
8 For it flooded and broke up everything and it brought (water) to the Temple;
9 And the
restrainers of the children of men were not able to restrain it,
........... nor the arts of those whose business it is to restrain waters;

Ode 12:4 And the Most High hath given it to His words,
........... which are the interpreters of His own beauty,
........... and the repeaters of His praise, and
........... the confessors of His counsel and
........... the heralds of His thought and
........... the chasteners of His servants.

1 Cor 2:7 But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, even the hidden wisdom, which God ordained before the world unto our glory:

wisdom of God--emphatically contrasted with the wisdom of men and of this world (1 Corinthians 2:5,6).
in a mystery--connected in construction with "we speak":

We speak as dealing with a mystery; that is not something to be kept hidden,
........... but what heretofore was so, but is now revealed.
Whereas the pagan mysteries were revealed only to a chosen few,
........... the Gospel mysteries were made known to all who would obey the truth.

"If our Gospel be hid, it is hid to them that are lost" (2 Corinthians 4:3), "whom the God of this world hath blinded." Ordinarily we use "mystery" in reference to those from whom the knowledge is withheld; the apostles, in reference to those to whom it is revealed [WHATELY]. It is hidden before it is brought forward, and when it is brought forward it still remains hidden to those that are imperfect [BENGEL].

ordained--literally, "foreordained" (compare 1 Corinthians 2:9), "prepared for them that love Him."

The use of worldly wisdom (allegories, jokes, drama, music) is worthless in a spiritual sense because God's wisdom existed before any of he world's devices were created.

before the world--rather, "before the ages" (of time), that is, from eternity. This infinitely antedates worldly wisdom in antiquity. It was before not only the wisdom of the world, but eternally before the world itself and its ages.

to our glory--ours both now and hereafter, from "the Lord of glory" (1 Corinthians 2:8), who brings to naught "the princes of this world."

1 Cor 2:8 Which none of the princes of this world knew: for had they known it, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory.
Which--wisdom. The strongest proof of the natural man's destitution of heavenly wisdom.

Which none of the princes of this world knew: for had they known it, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory. 1Co.2:8

The princes were the people 'in first place' or rulers, usually self-selected or having purchased their office.

crucified . . . Lord of glory--implying the inseparable connection of Christ's humanity and His divinity. The Lord of glory (which He had in His own right before the world was, John 17:4,24) was crucified.

1 Cor 2:9 But as it is written, Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for them that love him.
But--(it has happened) as it is written.

Eye hath not seen, &c.--ALFORD; translates, "The things which eye saw not . . . the things which God prepared . . . to us God revealed through His Spirit." Thus, however, the "but" of 1 Corinthians 2:10 is ignored. Rather construe, as ESTIUS, "('We speak,' supplied from 1 Corinthians 2:8), things which eye saw not (heretofore), . . . things which God prepared . . . But God revealed them to us," &c.; The quotation is not a verbatim one, but an inspired exposition of the "wisdom" (1 Corinthians 2:6, from Isaiah 64:4).

The exceptive words, "O God, beside (that is, except) Thee," are not quoted directly, but are virtually expressed in the exposition of them (1 Corinthians 2:10),
"None
but thou, O God, seest these mysteries, and God hath revealed them to us by His Spirit."
That Spirit is the Spirit of Christ, the Holy Spirit.

entered--literally, "come up into the heart." A Hebraism (compare, Jeremiah 3:16, Margin). In Isaiah 64:4 it is "Prepared (literally, 'will do') for him that waiteth for Him"; here, "for them that love Him." For Isaiah spake to them who waited for Messiah's appearance as future; Paul, to them who love Him as having actually appeared (1 John 4:19); compare 1 Corinthians 2:12, "the things that are freely given to us of God"

For since the beginning of the world men have not heard, nor perceived by the ear, neither hath the eye seen, O God, beside thee, what he hath prepared for him that waiteth for him. Isaiah 64:4

We will note later that a clear conscience frees us from guilt but more: by submitting to this mystery in baptism we become co-perceivers of the true mysteries beyond just the fact that Christ was a human murdered like a criminal as the basis upon which disciples must 'enlist."

Therefore speak I to them in parables: because they seeing see not; and hearing they hear not, neither do they understand. Matthew 13:13

Suniemi (g4920) soon-ee'-ay-mee; from 4862 and hiemi , (to send); to put together, i.e. (mentally) to comprehend; by impl. to act piously: - consider, understand, be wise

And in them is fulfilled the prophecy of Esaias, which saith, By hearing ye shall hear, and shall not understand; and seeing ye shall see, and shall not perceive: Matthew 13:14

Perceive: From Strong's "see" which is derived from g3708 meaning to discern clearly, to attend to, to experience, to perceive.

The "clear conscience" offered only by request at the time and place of baptism means:

Suneidesis ((g4893) soon-i'-day-sis; from a prol. form of 4894; co-perception, i.e. moral consciousness; - conscience.

Suneido (g4894) soon-i'-do; from 4862 and 1492; to see completely; used (like its prim.) only in two past tenses, respectively mean. to understand or become aware, and to be conscious or (clandestinely) informed of: - consider, know, be privy, be ware of.

Mandaeands Sabians Iraq Christians

"Sabian" is a word derived from the Aramaic-Mandic verb "Saba" which means "baptised" or "dyed", "immersed in water". "dMandaeans" is derived from "menda" which means in the mandiac language "knowledge". Thus, "Mandaean Sabians" means those who are baptised and who know the religion of God.

Clement of Alexandria in Stromata notes that co-perception is not automatic:

Here he terms the Babylonians wise. And that Scripture calls every secular science or art by the one name wisdom (there are other arts and sciences invented over and above by human reason), and that artistic and skilful invention is from God, will be clear if we adduce the following statement:

"And the Lord spake to Moses, See, I have called Bezaleel, the son of Uri, the son of Or, of the tribe of Judah; and I have filled him with the divine spirit of wisdom, and understanding, and knowledge, to devise and to execute in all manner of work, to work gold, and silver, and brass, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, and in working stone work, and in the art of working wood," and even to "all works." [Ex. xxxi. 2-5.] And then He adds the general reason,

"And to every understanding heart I have given understanding; " [Ex. xxxi. 6.] that is, to every one capable of acquiring it by pains and exercise. And again, it is written expressly in the name of the Lord "And speak thou to all that are wise in mind, whom I have filled with the spirit of perception." [ Ex. xxviii. 3.]

Those who are wise in mind have a certain attribute of nature peculiar to themselves; and they who have shown themselves capable, receive from the Supreme Wisdom a spirit of perception in double measure.

For those who practise the common arts, are in what pertains to the senses highly gifted:

in hearing, he who is commonly called a musician;
in
touch, he who moulds clay;
in
voice the singer,
in
smell the perfumer,
in
sight the engraver of devices on seals. (marks)

For this peoples heart is waxed gross, and their ears are dull of hearing, and their eyes they have closed; lest at any time they should see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and should understand with their heart, and should be converted, and I should heal them. Matthew 13:15

But blessed are your eyes, for they see: and your ears, for they hear. Matthew 13:16

For verily I say unto you, That many prophets and righteous men have desired to see those things which ye see, and have not seen them; and to hear those things which ye hear, and have not heard them. Matthew 13:17

All these things spake Jesus unto the multitude in parables; and without a parable spake he not unto them: Matthew 13:34

That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying, I will open my mouth in parables; I will utter things which have been kept secret from the foundation of the world. Matthew 13:35

If we compare ourselves with ourselves we will get into trouble. Therefore, a lack of a guilt feeling has no value. However, when our witness bears witness with God's Word then we co-perceive.

For when the Gentiles, which have not the law, do by nature the things contained in the law, these, having not the law, are a law unto themselves: Romans 2:14

Which shew the work of the law written in their hearts,
........... their conscience also bearing witness,
........... and their thoughts the mean while accusing or else excusing one another;) Romans 2:15

Logismos (g3053) log-is-mos'; from 3049; computation, i.e. (fig.) reasoning (conscience, conceit): - imagination, thought.

This word also carries the idea of consciousness or awarness:

For our rejoicing is this, the testimony of our conscience, that in simplicity and godly sincerity,
........... not with fleshly wisdom, but by the grace of God,
........... we have had our conversation in the world, and more abundantly to youward. 2 Cor 1:12

Vine notes that "some regard consciousness as the meaning here."

Howbeit there is not in every man that knowledge: for some with conscience of the idol unto this hour eat it as a thing offered unto an idol; and their conscience being weak is defiled. 1 Cor 8:7

For if any man see thee which hast knowledge sit at meat in the idols temple, shall not the conscience of him which is weak be emboldened to eat those things which are offered to idols; 1 Cor 8:10

But when ye sin so against the brethren, and wound their weak conscience, ye sin against Christ. 1 Cor 8:12

Vine: "In 1 Pet. 2:19 signifies... perhaps here, a consciousness so controlled by the apprehension of God's presnence, that the person realized that griefs are to be born in accordance with His will."

See Clement of Alexandria on Co-Perception and parables

1 Cor 2:10 But God hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit: for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God.
revealed . . . by . . . Spirit--The inspiration of thoughts (so far as truth essential to salvation is concerned) makes the Christian (1 Corinthians 3:16, 12:3, Matthew 16:17, John 16:13, 1 John 2:20,27); that of words, the PROPHET (2 Samuel 23:1,2, 1 Kings 13:1,5), "by the word of the Lord" (1 Corinthians 2:13, John 20:30,31, 2 Peter 1:21).

David wrote:

The Spirit of the Lord spake by me, and his word was in my tongue. 2 Sam 23:2

The God of Israel said, the Rock of Israel spake to me, He that ruleth over men must be just, ruling in the fear of God. 2 Sam 23:3

And he shall be as the light of the morning, when the sun riseth, even a morning without clouds; as the tender grass springing out of the earth by clear shining after rain. 2 Sam 23:4

Seen in a table form it is easy to see that the Spirit of the Lord, His Word, God and Christ the Rock are always connected:

The Spirit of the Lord

spake by me

his word

was in my tongue

The God of Israel

said

The Rock of Israel

spake to me

Peter knew that understanding the Words of Christ is that which can cleanse the conscience to chase out the old "demons" so that God can live in the mind or spirit:

We have also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth in a dark place,
........... until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts: 2 Peter 1:19

The secrets of revelation are secret to some,

not because those who know them will not reveal them (for indeed, the very notion of revelation implies an unveiling of what had been veiled),

but because those to whom they are announced have not the will or power to comprehend them.

Hence the Spirit-taught alone know these secrets (Psalms 25:14, Proverbs 3:32, John 7:17, 15:15).

Again this does not mean that God reveals to us by a direct operation fo the Holy Spirit without the Word. Rather, those who turn to the Lord have the "veil" removed so that they can see the deep mysteries rather than just the first principles of the gospel.

See how the unveling takes place.

unto us--the "perfect" or fully matured in Christian experience (1 Corinthians 2:6).

> Intelligent men may understand the outline of doctrines;

> but without the Holy Spirit's revelation to the heart, these will be to them a mere outline--a skeleton, correct perhaps, but wanting life [WHATLEY, Cautions for the Times, 14], (Luke 10:21).

This is what is naturally left as the core gospel when you despise the Word of God. By not using the whole Bible one can easily develop a "one member" religion.

the Spirit searcheth--working in us and with our spirits (compare Romans 8:16,26,27).
........... The Old Testament shows us God (the Father) for us.
........... The Gospels, God (the Son) with us.
........... The Acts and Epistles, God (the Holy Ghost) in us [MONOD], (Galatians 3:14).

deep things of God--(Psalms 92:5). His divine nature, attributes, and counsels.

The Spirit delights to explore the infinite depths of His own divine mind,
and then
reveal them to us,
according as we are capable of understanding them (Deuteronomy 29:29).

This proves the personality and Godhead of the Holy Ghost.
........... Godhead cannot be separated from the Spirit of God,
........... as manhood cannot be separated from the Spirit of man [BENGEL].

1 Cor 2:1 For what man knoweth the things of a man, save the spirit of man which is in him? even so the things of God knoweth no man, but the Spirit of God.
what man, &c.--literally;, "who of men knoweth the things of a man, save the spirit of that man?"

things of God knoweth no man--rather, "none knoweth," not angel or man.
........... This proves the impossibility of any knowing the things of God,
........... ........... save by the Spirit of God (who alone knows them,
........... since even in the case of man,
........... ........... so infinitely inferior in mind to God,
........... ........... none of his fellow men,
........... ........... but his own spirit alone knows the things hidden within him).

This does not demand a "direct operation of the Holy Spirit as person." Rather, it means we would know absolutely nothing about God unless He revealed them to us through His Spirit or Mind of Christ breathing on apostle-prophets to speak to us through the Word.

1 Cor 2:12 Now we have received, not the spirit of the world, but the spirit which is of God; that we might know the things that are freely given to us of God.
we . . . received, not . . . spirit of . . . world--the personal evil "spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience" (Ephesians 2:2).
........... This spirit is natural in the unregenerate, and needs not to be received.

Spirit which is of God--that is, which comes from God.
........... We have received it only by the gift of God, whose Spirit it is,
........... whereas our own spirit is the spirit that is in us men (1 Corinthians 2:11).

that we might know . . . things . . . freely given . . . of God--present experimental knowledge, to our unspeakable comfort, of His deep mysteries of wisdom, and of our future possession of the good "things which God hath prepared for them that love Him" (1 Corinthians 2:9).

Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins,
........... and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost. Acts 2:38

And I will give them one heart, and I will put a new spirit within you; and I will take the stony heart out of their flesh, and will give them an heart of flesh: Ezek 11:19

That they may walk in my statutes, and keep mine ordinances, and do them: and they shall be my people, and I will be their God. Ezek 11:20

But as for them whose heart walketh after the heart of their detestable things and their abominations, I will recompense their way upon their own heads, saith the Lord God. Ezek 11:21

For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people: Hebrews 8:10

And they shall not teach every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for all shall know me, from the least to the greatest. Hebrews 8:11

Whereof the Holy Ghost also is a witness to us: for after that he had said before, Hebrews 10:15

This is the covenant that I will make with them after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their hearts, and in their minds will I write them; Hebrews 10:16

Searching what, or what manner of time the Spirit of Christ which was in them did signify,
........... when it testified beforehand the sufferings of Christ, and the glory that should follow. 1 Peter 1:11

1 Cor 2:13 Which things also we speak, not in the words which mans wisdom teacheth, but which the Holy Ghost teacheth; comparing spiritual things with spiritual.
also--We not only know by the Holy Ghost, but we also speak the "things freely given to us of God" (1 Corinthians 2:12).

which the Holy Ghost teacheth--The old manuscripts read "the Spirit" simply, without "Holy."
........... comparing spiritual things with spiritual--
........... expounding the Spirit-inspired Old Testament Scripture,

by comparison with the Gospel which Jesus by the same Spirit revealed [GROTIUS];
and
conversely illustrating the Gospel mysteries
........... by comparing them with the Old Testament types [CHRYSOSTOM].

Searching what, or what manner of time the Spirit of Christ which was in them did signify, when it testified beforehand the sufferings of Christ, and the glory that should follow. 1 Peter 1:11

Now the Lord is that Spirit: and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty. 2 Corinthians 3:17

And I fell at his feet to worship him. And he said unto me, See thou do it not: I am thy fellowservant, and of
........... Thy brethren that have the testimony of Jesus:
........... ........... worship God:
........... for the testimony of Jesus is
........... ........... the spirit of prophecy. Rev 19:10

So the Greek word is translated, "comparing" (2 Corinthians 10:12). WAHL (Key of the New Testament) translates, "explaining (as the Greek is translated, Genesis 40:8, the Septuagint) to spiritual (that is, Spirit-taught) men, spiritual things (the things which we ourselves are taught by the Spirit)."

And they said unto him, We have dreamed a dream, and there is no interpreter of it. And Joseph said unto them, Do not interpretations belong to God? tell me them, I pray you Genesis 40:8

JBF has just defined how the Spirit teaches: it compares the old with the new, the types with the antitypes. The Word of God is the Spirit of Christ in the sense that it is the Mind of Christ:

It is the spirit that quickeneth; the flesh profiteth nothing: the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life. John 6:63

Therefore, only those who honor the Words of Christ and the Old Testament spoken by His Own Spirit have their eyes and ears opened. To do otherwise proves that one does not love the truth and is a victiam of Beliar:

Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders, 2 Thess 2:9

And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved. 2 Thess 2:10

And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: 2 Thess 2:11

Spirit-taught men alone can comprehend spiritual truths. This accords with 1 Corinthians 2:6,9,10,14,15, 1 Corinthians 3:1. ALFORD translates,

"Putting together (combining) spirituals with spirituals"; that is,
attaching
spiritual words to spiritual things,

which we should not do, if we were to use words of worldly wisdom to expound spiritual things (so 1 Corinthians 2:1,4, 1 Peter 4:11).

Perhaps the generality of the neuters is designed to comprehend these several notions by implication. Comparing, or combining, spirituals with spirituals; implying both that spiritual things are only suited to spiritual persons (so "things" comprehended persons, 1 Corinthians 1:27),

and also that spiritual truths can only be combined with spiritual (not worldly-wise) words; and lastly,
spirituals of the Old and New Testaments can only be understood

by mutual comparison or combination,
not by combination with
worldly "wisdom," or natural perceptions (1 Corinthians 1:21,22, 2:1,4-9; compare Psalms 119:18).

1 Cor 2:14 But the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.
natural man--literally, "a man of animal soul." As contrasted with the spiritual man,

he is governed by the animal soul,
which
overbears his spirit,
which latter is
without the Spirit of God (Jude 1:19).

So the animal (English Version, "natural") body, or body led by the lower animal nature (including both the mere human fallen reason and heart), is contrasted with the Spirit-quickened body (1 Corinthians 15:44-46).

The carnal man (the man led by bodily appetites,

and also by a self-exalting spirit, estranged from the divine life) is closely akin; so too the "earthly." "Devilish," or "demon-like"; "led by an evil spirit," is the awful character of such a one, in its worst type (James 3:15).

receiveth not--though they are offered to him, and are "worthy of being received by all men" (1 Timothy 1:15).

they are foolishness unto him--whereas he seeks "wisdom" (1 Corinthians 1:22). [This is experimental knowledge]

neither can he--Not only does he not, but he cannot know them, and therefore has no wish to "receive" them (Romans 8:7).

1 Cor 2:15 But he that is spiritual judgeth all things, yet he himself is judged of no man.
"He that is spiritual--literally, "the spiritual (man)." In 1 Corinthians 2:14, it is "A [not 'the,' as English Version] natural man." T
he spiritual is the man distinguished above his fellow men,
as he in whom the Spirit rules.
In the unregenerate,

the spirit which ought to be the organ of the Holy Spirit (and which is so in the regenerate),
is
overridden by the animal soul, and is in abeyance, so that such a one is never called "spiritual."

"judgeth all things--and persons, by their true standard (compare 1 Corinthians 6:2-4, 1 John 4:1), in so far as he is spiritual. "Discerneth . . . is discerned," would better accord with the translation of the same Greek (1 Corinthians 2:14).

Otherwise for "discerned," in 1 Corinthians 2:14, translate, "judged of," to accord with the translation, "judgeth . . . is judged" in this fifteenth verse.

He has a practical insight into the verities of the Gospel, though he is not infallible on all theoretical points.

If an individual may have the Spirit without being infallible, why may not the Church have the Spirit, and yet not be infallible (a refutation of the plea of Rome for the Church's infallibility, from Matthew 28:20, John 16:13)?

As the believer and the Church have the Spirit, and are yet not therefore impeccable, so he and the Church have the Spirit, and yet are not infallible or impeccable.

He and the Church are both infallible and impeccable, only in proportion to the degree in which they are led by the Spirit.

The Spirit leads into all truth and holiness; but His influence on believers and on the Church is as yet partial. Jesus alone, who had the Spirit without measure (John 3:34), is both infallible and impeccable.

For he whom God hath sent
speaketh the words of God:
for God giveth not the Spirit by measure unto him. John 3:34

God gives the unlimited Spirit by having Christ speak His Words without limit.

It is the spirit that quickeneth; the flesh profiteth nothing:

the words that I speak unto you,
they are
spirit, and they are life. John 6:63

Scripture, because it was written by men, who while writing were infallibly inspired, is unmixed truth (Proverbs 28:5, 1 John 2:27).

1 Cor 2:16 For who hath known the mind of the Lord, that he may instruct him? But we have the mind of Christ.
For--proof of 1 Corinthians 2:15, that the spiritual man "is judged of no man."

In order to judge the spiritual man,
the
ordinary man must "know the mind of the Lord."

But "who of ordinary men knows" that?

that he may instruct him--that is, so as to be able to set Him right as His counsellor (quoted from Isaiah 40:13,14). So the Septuagint translates the Greek verb, which means to "prove," in Acts 9:22.

Natural men who judge spiritual men, living according to the mind of God ("We have the mind of Christ"),

are virtually wishing to instruct God, and bring Him to another mind, as counsellors setting to right their king.

we have the mind of Christ--in our degree of capability to apprehend it. Isaiah 40:13,14 refers to JEHOVAH: therefore,

as it is applied here to Christ,
He is Jehovah.

And if He is Jesus (Joshua) or Jehovah-Saves then He is the One and only Holy Spirit:

Behold, the Lord God will come with strong hand, and his arm shall rule for him: behold, his reward is with him, and his work before him. Isaiah 40:10

He shall feed his flock like a shepherd: he shall gather the lambs with his arm, and carry them in his bosom, and shall gently lead those that are with young. Isaiah 40:11

Who hath measured the waters in the hollow of his hand, and meted out heaven with the span, and comprehended the dust of the earth in a measure, and weighed the mountains in scales, and the hills in a balance? Isaiah 40:12

Who hath directed the Spirit of the Lord, or being his counsellor hath taught him? Isaiah 40:13

With whom took he counsel, and who instructed him, and taught him in the path of judgment, and taught him knowledge, and shewed to him the way of understanding? Isaiah 40:14

And he saw that there was no man